최신 CAS-005 무료덤프 - CompTIA SecurityX Certification
The identity and access management team is sending logs to the SIEM for continuous monitoring. The deployed log collector isforwarding logs to the SIEM. However, only false positive alerts are being generated. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the inaccurate alerts?
정답: B
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
Which of the following AI concerns is most adequately addressed by input sanitation?
정답: C
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
Which of the following best describes the challengesassociated with widespread adoption of homomorphic encryption techniques?
정답: B
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
A company detects suspicious activity associated with external connections Security detection tools are unable tocategorize this activity. Which of the following is the best solution to help the company overcome this challenge?
정답: D
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
An organization wants to implement a platform to better identify which specific assets are affected by a given vulnerability. Which of the following components provides the best foundation to achieve this goal?
정답: B
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
SIMULATION
[Security Architecture]
You are a security analyst tasked with interpreting an Nmap scan output from company's privileged network.
The company's hardening guidelines indicate the following:
There should be one primary server or service per device.
Only default ports should be used.
Non-secure protocols should be disabled.
INSTRUCTIONS
Using the Nmap output, identify the devices on the network and their roles, and any open ports that should be closed.
For each device found by Nmap, add a device entry to the Devices Discovered list, with the following information:
The IP address of the device
The primary server or service of the device (Note that each IP should by associated with one service/port only) The protocol(s) that should be disabled based on the hardening guidelines (Note that multiple ports may need to be closed to comply with the hardening guidelines) If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
[Security Architecture]
You are a security analyst tasked with interpreting an Nmap scan output from company's privileged network.
The company's hardening guidelines indicate the following:
There should be one primary server or service per device.
Only default ports should be used.
Non-secure protocols should be disabled.
INSTRUCTIONS
Using the Nmap output, identify the devices on the network and their roles, and any open ports that should be closed.
For each device found by Nmap, add a device entry to the Devices Discovered list, with the following information:
The IP address of the device
The primary server or service of the device (Note that each IP should by associated with one service/port only) The protocol(s) that should be disabled based on the hardening guidelines (Note that multiple ports may need to be closed to comply with the hardening guidelines) If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
정답:
See explanation below
Explanation:
10.1.45.65 SFTP ServerDisable 8080
10.1.45.66 Email Server Disable 415 and 443
10.1.45.67 Web Server Disable 21, 80
10.1.45.68 UTM Appliance Disable 21
Explanation:
10.1.45.65 SFTP ServerDisable 8080
10.1.45.66 Email Server Disable 415 and 443
10.1.45.67 Web Server Disable 21, 80
10.1.45.68 UTM Appliance Disable 21
A senior security engineer flags the following log file snippet as having likely facilitated an attacker's lateral movement in a recent breach:
qry_source: 19.27.214.22 TCP/53
qry_dest: 199.105.22.13 TCP/53
qry_type: AXFR
| in comptia.org
------------ directoryserver1 A 10.80.8.10
------------directoryserver2 A 10.80.8.11
------------ directoryserver3 A 10.80.8.12
------------ internal-dns A 10.80.9.1
----------- www-int A 10.80.9.3
------------ fshare A 10.80.9.4
------------ sip A 10.80.9.5
------------ msn-crit-apcs A 10.81.22.33
Which of the following solutions, if implemented, would mitigate the risk of this issue reoccurring?
qry_source: 19.27.214.22 TCP/53
qry_dest: 199.105.22.13 TCP/53
qry_type: AXFR
| in comptia.org
------------ directoryserver1 A 10.80.8.10
------------directoryserver2 A 10.80.8.11
------------ directoryserver3 A 10.80.8.12
------------ internal-dns A 10.80.9.1
----------- www-int A 10.80.9.3
------------ fshare A 10.80.9.4
------------ sip A 10.80.9.5
------------ msn-crit-apcs A 10.81.22.33
Which of the following solutions, if implemented, would mitigate the risk of this issue reoccurring?
정답: A
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
SIMULATION
[Identity and Access Management (IAM)]
A product development team has submitted code snippets for review prior to release.
INSTRUCTIONS
Analyze the code snippets, and then select one vulnerability, and one fix for each code snippet.
Code Snippet 1
Code Snippet 2
Vulnerability 1:
SQL injection
Cross-site request forgery
Server-side request forgery
Indirect object reference
Cross-site scripting
Fix 1:
Perform input sanitization of the userid field.
Perform output encoding of queryResponse,
Ensure usex:ia belongs to logged-in user.
Inspect URLS and disallow arbitrary requests.
Implementanti-forgery tokens.
Vulnerability 2
1) Denial of service
2) Command injection
3) SQL injection
4) Authorization bypass
5) Credentials passed via GET
Fix 2
A) Implement prepared statements and bind
variables.
B) Remove the serve_forever instruction.
C) Prevent the "authenticated" value from being overridden by a GET parameter.
D) HTTP POST should be used for sensitive parameters.
E) Perform input sanitization of the userid field.
[Identity and Access Management (IAM)]
A product development team has submitted code snippets for review prior to release.
INSTRUCTIONS
Analyze the code snippets, and then select one vulnerability, and one fix for each code snippet.
Code Snippet 1
Code Snippet 2
Vulnerability 1:
SQL injection
Cross-site request forgery
Server-side request forgery
Indirect object reference
Cross-site scripting
Fix 1:
Perform input sanitization of the userid field.
Perform output encoding of queryResponse,
Ensure usex:ia belongs to logged-in user.
Inspect URLS and disallow arbitrary requests.
Implementanti-forgery tokens.
Vulnerability 2
1) Denial of service
2) Command injection
3) SQL injection
4) Authorization bypass
5) Credentials passed via GET
Fix 2
A) Implement prepared statements and bind
variables.
B) Remove the serve_forever instruction.
C) Prevent the "authenticated" value from being overridden by a GET parameter.
D) HTTP POST should be used for sensitive parameters.
E) Perform input sanitization of the userid field.
정답:
See the solution below in Explanation
Explanation:
Code Snippet 1
Vulnerability 1: SQL injection
SQL injection is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in the code that interacts with a database. An attacker can inject malicious SQL commands into the input fields, such as username or password, and execute them on the database server. This can result in data theft, data corruption, or unauthorized access.
Fix 1: Perform input sanitization of the userid field.
Input sanitization is a technique that prevents SQL injection byvalidating and filtering the user input values before passing them to the database. The input sanitization should remove any special characters, such as quotes, semicolons, or dashes, that can alter the intended SQL query. Alternatively, the input sanitization can use a whitelist of allowed values and reject any other values.
Code Snippet 2
Vulnerability 2: Cross-site request forgery
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in the code that handles web requests. An attacker can trick a user into sending a malicious web request to a server that performs an action on behalf of the user, such as changing their password, transferring funds, or deleting dat a. This can result in unauthorized actions, data loss, or account compromise.
Fix 2: Implement anti-forgery tokens.
Anti-forgery tokens are techniques that prevent CSRF by adding a unique and secret value to each web request that is generated by the server and verified by the server before performing the action. The anti-forgery token should be different for each user and each session, and should not be predictable or reusable by an attacker. This way, only legitimate web requests from the user's browser can be accepted by the server.
Explanation:
Code Snippet 1
Vulnerability 1: SQL injection
SQL injection is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in the code that interacts with a database. An attacker can inject malicious SQL commands into the input fields, such as username or password, and execute them on the database server. This can result in data theft, data corruption, or unauthorized access.
Fix 1: Perform input sanitization of the userid field.
Input sanitization is a technique that prevents SQL injection byvalidating and filtering the user input values before passing them to the database. The input sanitization should remove any special characters, such as quotes, semicolons, or dashes, that can alter the intended SQL query. Alternatively, the input sanitization can use a whitelist of allowed values and reject any other values.
Code Snippet 2
Vulnerability 2: Cross-site request forgery
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in the code that handles web requests. An attacker can trick a user into sending a malicious web request to a server that performs an action on behalf of the user, such as changing their password, transferring funds, or deleting dat a. This can result in unauthorized actions, data loss, or account compromise.
Fix 2: Implement anti-forgery tokens.
Anti-forgery tokens are techniques that prevent CSRF by adding a unique and secret value to each web request that is generated by the server and verified by the server before performing the action. The anti-forgery token should be different for each user and each session, and should not be predictable or reusable by an attacker. This way, only legitimate web requests from the user's browser can be accepted by the server.
A security analyst is troubleshooting the reason a specific user is having difficulty accessing company resources The analyst reviews the following information:
Which of the following is most likely the cause of the issue?
Which of the following is most likely the cause of the issue?
정답: B
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
SIMULATION
[Security Architecture]
During the course of normal SOC operations, three anomalous events occurred and were flagged as potential IoCs. Evidence for each of these potential IoCs is provided.
INSTRUCTIONS
Review each of the events and select the appropriate analysis and remediation options for each IoC.
[Security Architecture]
During the course of normal SOC operations, three anomalous events occurred and were flagged as potential IoCs. Evidence for each of these potential IoCs is provided.
INSTRUCTIONS
Review each of the events and select the appropriate analysis and remediation options for each IoC.
정답:
See the solution below in Explanation
Explanation:
Analysis and Remediation Options for Each IoC:
IoC 1:
Evidence:
Source: Apache_httpd
Type: DNSQ
Dest: @10.1.1.1:53,@10.1.2.5
Data: update.s.domain, CNAME 3a129sk219r9slmfkzzz000.s.domain, 108.158.253.253 Analysis:
Analysis: The service is attempting to resolve a malicious domain.
Reason: The DNS queries and the nature of the CNAME resolution indicate that the service is trying to resolve potentially harmful domains, which is a common tactic used by malware to connect to command-and-control servers.
Remediation:
Remediation: Implement a blocklist for known malicious ports.
Reason: Blocking known malicious domains at the DNS level prevents the resolution of harmful domains, thereby protecting the network from potential connections to malicious servers.
IoC 2:
Evidence:
Src: 10.0.5.5
Dst: 10.1.2.1, 10.1.2.2, 10.1.2.3, 10.1.2.4, 10.1.2.5
Proto: IP_ICMP
Data: ECHO
Action: Drop
Analysis:
Analysis: Someone is footprinting a network subnet.
Reason: The repeated ICMP ECHO requests to different addresses within a subnet indicate that someone is scanning the network to discover active hosts, a common reconnaissance technique used by attackers.
Remediation:
Remediation: Block ping requests across the WAN interface.
Reason: Blocking ICMP ECHO requests on the WAN interface can prevent attackers from using ping sweeps to gather information about the network topology and active devices.
IoC 3:
Evidence:
Proxylog:
GET /announce?info_hash=%01dff%27f%21%10%c5%wp%4e%1d%6f%63%3c%49%6d&peer_id%3dxJFS Uploaded=0&downloaded=0&left=3767869&compact=1&ip=10.5.1.26&event=started User-Agent: RAZA 2.1.0.0 Host: localhost Connection: Keep-Alive HTTP200 OK Analysis:
Analysis: An employee is using P2P services to download files.
Reason: The HTTP GET request with parameters related to a BitTorrent client indicates that the employee is using peer-to-peer (P2P) services, which can lead to unauthorized data transfer and potential security risks.
Remediation:
Remediation: Enforce endpoint controls on third-party software installations.
Reason: By enforcing strict endpoint controls, you can prevent the installation and use of unauthorized software, such as P2P clients, thereby mitigating the risk of data leaks and other security threats associated with such applications.
Reference:
CompTIA Security+ Study Guide: This guide offers detailed explanations on identifying and mitigating various types of Indicators of Compromise (IoCs) and the corresponding analysis and remediation strategies.
CompTIA Security+ Exam Objectives: These objectives cover key concepts in network security monitoring and incident response, providing guidelines on how to handle different types of security events.
Security Operations Center (SOC) Best Practices: This resource outlines effective strategies for analyzing and responding to anomalous events within a SOC, including the use of blocklists, endpoint controls, and network configuration changes.
By accurately analyzing the nature of each IoC and applying the appropriate remediation measures, the organization can effectively mitigate potential security threats and maintain a robust security posture.
Explanation:
Analysis and Remediation Options for Each IoC:
IoC 1:
Evidence:
Source: Apache_httpd
Type: DNSQ
Dest: @10.1.1.1:53,@10.1.2.5
Data: update.s.domain, CNAME 3a129sk219r9slmfkzzz000.s.domain, 108.158.253.253 Analysis:
Analysis: The service is attempting to resolve a malicious domain.
Reason: The DNS queries and the nature of the CNAME resolution indicate that the service is trying to resolve potentially harmful domains, which is a common tactic used by malware to connect to command-and-control servers.
Remediation:
Remediation: Implement a blocklist for known malicious ports.
Reason: Blocking known malicious domains at the DNS level prevents the resolution of harmful domains, thereby protecting the network from potential connections to malicious servers.
IoC 2:
Evidence:
Src: 10.0.5.5
Dst: 10.1.2.1, 10.1.2.2, 10.1.2.3, 10.1.2.4, 10.1.2.5
Proto: IP_ICMP
Data: ECHO
Action: Drop
Analysis:
Analysis: Someone is footprinting a network subnet.
Reason: The repeated ICMP ECHO requests to different addresses within a subnet indicate that someone is scanning the network to discover active hosts, a common reconnaissance technique used by attackers.
Remediation:
Remediation: Block ping requests across the WAN interface.
Reason: Blocking ICMP ECHO requests on the WAN interface can prevent attackers from using ping sweeps to gather information about the network topology and active devices.
IoC 3:
Evidence:
Proxylog:
GET /announce?info_hash=%01dff%27f%21%10%c5%wp%4e%1d%6f%63%3c%49%6d&peer_id%3dxJFS Uploaded=0&downloaded=0&left=3767869&compact=1&ip=10.5.1.26&event=started User-Agent: RAZA 2.1.0.0 Host: localhost Connection: Keep-Alive HTTP200 OK Analysis:
Analysis: An employee is using P2P services to download files.
Reason: The HTTP GET request with parameters related to a BitTorrent client indicates that the employee is using peer-to-peer (P2P) services, which can lead to unauthorized data transfer and potential security risks.
Remediation:
Remediation: Enforce endpoint controls on third-party software installations.
Reason: By enforcing strict endpoint controls, you can prevent the installation and use of unauthorized software, such as P2P clients, thereby mitigating the risk of data leaks and other security threats associated with such applications.
Reference:
CompTIA Security+ Study Guide: This guide offers detailed explanations on identifying and mitigating various types of Indicators of Compromise (IoCs) and the corresponding analysis and remediation strategies.
CompTIA Security+ Exam Objectives: These objectives cover key concepts in network security monitoring and incident response, providing guidelines on how to handle different types of security events.
Security Operations Center (SOC) Best Practices: This resource outlines effective strategies for analyzing and responding to anomalous events within a SOC, including the use of blocklists, endpoint controls, and network configuration changes.
By accurately analyzing the nature of each IoC and applying the appropriate remediation measures, the organization can effectively mitigate potential security threats and maintain a robust security posture.
A threat hunter is identifying potentially malicious activity associated with an APT. When the threat hunter runs queries against the SIEM platform with a date range of 60 to 90 days ago, the involved account seems to be typically most active in the evenings. When the threat hunter reruns the same query with a date range of 5 to 30 days ago, the account appears to be most active in the early morning. Which of the following techniques is the threat hunter using to better understand the data?
정답: C
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
A company migrating to aremote work model requires that company-owned devices connect to a VPN before logging in to the device itself. The VPN gateway requires that a specific key extension is deployed to the machine certificates in the internal PKI. Which of the following best explains this requirement?
정답: C
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
A systems administrator works with engineers to process and address vulnerabilities as a result of continuous scanning activities. The primary challenge faced by the administrator is differentiating between valid and invalid findings. Which of the following would the systems administrator most likely verify is properly configured?
정답: C
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
Embedded malware has been discovered in a popular PDF reader application and is currently being exploited in the wild. Because the supply chain was compromised, this malware is present in versions 10.0 through 10.3 of the software's official versions. The malware is not present in version 10.4.
Since the details around this malware are still emerging, the Chief Information Security Officer has asked the senior security analyst to collaborate with the IT asset inventory manager to find instances of the installed software in order to begin response activities. The asset inventory manager has asked an analyst to provide a regular expression that will identify the affected versions. The software installation entries are formatted as follows:
Reader 10.0
Reader 10.1
Reader 10.2
Reader 10.3
Reader 10.4
Which of the following regular expression entries will accuratelyidentify all the affected versions?
Since the details around this malware are still emerging, the Chief Information Security Officer has asked the senior security analyst to collaborate with the IT asset inventory manager to find instances of the installed software in order to begin response activities. The asset inventory manager has asked an analyst to provide a regular expression that will identify the affected versions. The software installation entries are formatted as follows:
Reader 10.0
Reader 10.1
Reader 10.2
Reader 10.3
Reader 10.4
Which of the following regular expression entries will accuratelyidentify all the affected versions?
정답: C
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)
A security operations engineer needs to prevent inadvertent data disclosure when encrypted SSDs are reused within an enterprise. Which of the following is the most secure way to achieve this goal?
정답: A
설명: (DumpTOP 회원만 볼 수 있음)