최신 SEND 무료덤프 - MRCPUK Endocrinology and Diabetes (Specialty Certificate Examination)
A 28-year-old woman was referred with an 8-year history of progressive weight gain, hypertension and abdominal striae. She had no family history of note and was not taking any medication.
On examination, her blood pressure was 158/86 mmHg. There was central obesity with abdominal striae. There was mild proximal myopathy of the lower limbs.
Investigations:
serum sodium143 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium3.4 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (2 mg/day for 48 h):
serum cortisol180 nmol/L (<50)
An MR scan of pituitary showed an invasive adenoma extending laterally into the cavernous sinuses bilaterally. Superiorly, the adenoma was in contact with, but not distorting, the optic chiasm. Formal visual field examination was normal.
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
On examination, her blood pressure was 158/86 mmHg. There was central obesity with abdominal striae. There was mild proximal myopathy of the lower limbs.
Investigations:
serum sodium143 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium3.4 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (2 mg/day for 48 h):
serum cortisol180 nmol/L (<50)
An MR scan of pituitary showed an invasive adenoma extending laterally into the cavernous sinuses bilaterally. Superiorly, the adenoma was in contact with, but not distorting, the optic chiasm. Formal visual field examination was normal.
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
정답: A
A 26-year-old woman was recovering from diabetic ketoacidosis and had been switched to her usual basal bolus insulin regimen. Her capillary blood glucose measurements during the day were high but fasting plasma glucose was in the range 5.0-7.0 mmol/L (3.0-6.0). She was drinking and eating normally.
On examination, her pulse was 76 beats per minute and her blood pressure was 106/66 mmHg. Urinalysis showed ketones 1+.
Investigations:
serum sodium143 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium4.4 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
serum bicarbonate22 mmol/L (20-28)
serum creatinine72 umol/L (60-110)
plasma glucose 2 h after breakfast21 mmol/L
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
On examination, her pulse was 76 beats per minute and her blood pressure was 106/66 mmHg. Urinalysis showed ketones 1+.
Investigations:
serum sodium143 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium4.4 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
serum bicarbonate22 mmol/L (20-28)
serum creatinine72 umol/L (60-110)
plasma glucose 2 h after breakfast21 mmol/L
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
정답: A
A 46-year-old South Asian man presented with a 2-month history of dry mouth and polyuria. He had hypertension treated with bendroflumethiazide. There was no family history of diabetes mellitus, but his father had died suddenly during lower limb angioplasty at the age of 51.
On examination, the patient's pulse was 76 beats per minute and regular, and his blood pressure was 164/86 mmHg. The rest of the physical examination was normal. Urinalysis was normal.
Investigations:
serum sodium143 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium3.0 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
serum creatinine123 umol/L (60-110)
fasting plasma glucose6.9 mmol/L (3.0-6.0)
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
On examination, the patient's pulse was 76 beats per minute and regular, and his blood pressure was 164/86 mmHg. The rest of the physical examination was normal. Urinalysis was normal.
Investigations:
serum sodium143 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium3.0 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
serum creatinine123 umol/L (60-110)
fasting plasma glucose6.9 mmol/L (3.0-6.0)
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
정답: D
A 47-year-old nuclear physics professor was referred for advice before taking up an overseas position, overseeing the dismantling of a reactor at the site of a recent nuclear accident. She stated that she would face a small risk of being exposed to significant radioactive contamination during her work and was concerned about her future risk of thyroid cancer.
What is the most appropriate advice?
What is the most appropriate advice?
정답: C
A 43-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of tiredness and reduced libido. He had not been found to have diabetes mellitus.
On examination, his body mass index was 22.4 kg/m2 (18-25), he was poorly virilised and had 10 mL testes.
Investigations:
serum cortisol (09.00 h)220 nmol/L (200-700) serum testosterone4 nmol/L (9.0-35.0) plasma follicle-stimulating hormone1.2 U/L (1.0-7.0) plasma luteinising hormone1.2 U/L (1.0-10.0) serum prolactin150 mU/L (<360) serum thyroid-stimulating hormone1.2 mU/L (0.4-5.0) serum free T48.2 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
serum insulin-like growth factor 17.8 nmol/L (5.6-23.3)
MR scan of pituitaryempty sella; no mass lesion
An insulin tolerance test was advised to assess both cortisol and growth hormone reserve.
What is the most appropriate dose of insulin (in units/kg body weight) to administer?
On examination, his body mass index was 22.4 kg/m2 (18-25), he was poorly virilised and had 10 mL testes.
Investigations:
serum cortisol (09.00 h)220 nmol/L (200-700) serum testosterone4 nmol/L (9.0-35.0) plasma follicle-stimulating hormone1.2 U/L (1.0-7.0) plasma luteinising hormone1.2 U/L (1.0-10.0) serum prolactin150 mU/L (<360) serum thyroid-stimulating hormone1.2 mU/L (0.4-5.0) serum free T48.2 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
serum insulin-like growth factor 17.8 nmol/L (5.6-23.3)
MR scan of pituitaryempty sella; no mass lesion
An insulin tolerance test was advised to assess both cortisol and growth hormone reserve.
What is the most appropriate dose of insulin (in units/kg body weight) to administer?
정답: A
A 26-year-old woman was urgently referred to clinic with a 6-week history of retroorbital headaches and deteriorating vision. Her past medical history was unremarkable, although on questioning she admitted that she had recently found it increasingly difficult to cope with her busy job.
On examination, her pulse was 60 beats per minute and regular, and her blood pressure was 110/75 mmHg lying and 90/60 mmHg standing. She was pale and had dry skin. Visual acuities were reduced (6/12 right; 6/24 left), and she had a bitemporal inferior quadrantanopia.
Investigations:
serum sodium132 mmol/L (137-144) serum potassium4.0 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
short tetracosactide Synacthen@ test (250 micrograms): serum cortisol (30 min after tetracosactide)185 nmol/L (>550)
plasma follicle-stimulating hormone2.7 U/L plasma luteinising hormone3.5 U/L serum prolactin1050 mU/L (<360) serum thyroid-stimulating hormone0.3 mU/L (0.4-5.0) serum free T48.0 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
serum insulin-like growth factor 14.7 nmol/L (7.5-37.3)
MR scan of brainsee image
What is the most likely diagnosis?
On examination, her pulse was 60 beats per minute and regular, and her blood pressure was 110/75 mmHg lying and 90/60 mmHg standing. She was pale and had dry skin. Visual acuities were reduced (6/12 right; 6/24 left), and she had a bitemporal inferior quadrantanopia.
Investigations:
serum sodium132 mmol/L (137-144) serum potassium4.0 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
short tetracosactide Synacthen@ test (250 micrograms): serum cortisol (30 min after tetracosactide)185 nmol/L (>550)
plasma follicle-stimulating hormone2.7 U/L plasma luteinising hormone3.5 U/L serum prolactin1050 mU/L (<360) serum thyroid-stimulating hormone0.3 mU/L (0.4-5.0) serum free T48.0 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
serum insulin-like growth factor 14.7 nmol/L (7.5-37.3)
MR scan of brainsee image
What is the most likely diagnosis?
정답: E
A 55-year-old man with mild polyuria and tiredness was seen on a renal ward. He had had a living-related kidney transplant 6 months previously. He had good graft function while being treated with prednisolone 5 mg daily, mycophenolate mofetil 1 g twice daily and tacrolimus 3 mg twice daily. He was also taking atenolol 50 mg daily and simvastatin 40 mg daily.
Investigations:
haemoglobin A1c75 mmol/mol (20-42)
random plasma glucose18.0 mmol/L
Which drug is most likely to be responsible for his diabetes of new onset?
Investigations:
haemoglobin A1c75 mmol/mol (20-42)
random plasma glucose18.0 mmol/L
Which drug is most likely to be responsible for his diabetes of new onset?
정답: D
A 55-year-old woman presented with thirst, polyuria and polydipsia. Her symptoms had started 9 months previously following a road traffic accident. Her past medical history was normal and she was not taking any regular medication.
On examination, her blood pressure was 130/80 mmHg with no postural drop. Urine volume measured 5 L in 24 hours.
Investigations:
serum sodium131 mmol/L (137-144) serum potassium3.6 mmol/L (3.5-4.9) serum urea2.0 mmol/L (2.5-7.0) serum corrected calcium2.40 mmol/L (2.20-2.60) fasting plasma glucose6.4 mmol/L (3.0-6.0) serum osmolality278 mosmol/kg (278-300) urinary osmolality100 mosmol/kg (100-1000)
What is the most likely diagnosis?
On examination, her blood pressure was 130/80 mmHg with no postural drop. Urine volume measured 5 L in 24 hours.
Investigations:
serum sodium131 mmol/L (137-144) serum potassium3.6 mmol/L (3.5-4.9) serum urea2.0 mmol/L (2.5-7.0) serum corrected calcium2.40 mmol/L (2.20-2.60) fasting plasma glucose6.4 mmol/L (3.0-6.0) serum osmolality278 mosmol/kg (278-300) urinary osmolality100 mosmol/kg (100-1000)
What is the most likely diagnosis?
정답: C
A 64-year-old man, who was undergoing investigation for altered bowel habit, was referred to the endocrine clinic after a CT scan of abdomen had shown a 4-cm mass in his left adrenal gland. He had a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Investigations:
low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (2 mg/day for 48 h):
serum cortisol350 nmol/L (<50)
24-h urinary free cortisol400 nmol (55-250)
plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (09.00 h)2.0 pmol/L (3.3-15.4)
He underwent laparoscopic removal of his left adrenal gland.
How should his endocrine condition be managed following surgery?
Investigations:
low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (2 mg/day for 48 h):
serum cortisol350 nmol/L (<50)
24-h urinary free cortisol400 nmol (55-250)
plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (09.00 h)2.0 pmol/L (3.3-15.4)
He underwent laparoscopic removal of his left adrenal gland.
How should his endocrine condition be managed following surgery?
정답: B
A 56-year-old woman was referred for assessment of asymptomatic hypercalcaemia.
Investigations:
serum corrected calcium2.73 mmol/L (2.20-2.60)
plasma parathyroid hormone8.9 pmol/L (0.9-5.4)
urinary calcium:creatinine clearance ratio0.002
An X-ray of abdomen was normal and imaging of her neck showed no evidence of a
parathyroid adenoma.
What is the pattern of inheritance of this condition?
Investigations:
serum corrected calcium2.73 mmol/L (2.20-2.60)
plasma parathyroid hormone8.9 pmol/L (0.9-5.4)
urinary calcium:creatinine clearance ratio0.002
An X-ray of abdomen was normal and imaging of her neck showed no evidence of a
parathyroid adenoma.
What is the pattern of inheritance of this condition?
정답: D